Essentium TPU 74D-Z ESD View larger

Essentium TPU 74D-Z ESD

Essentium

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Semi-rigid TPU technical filament for electrostatic discharge protection applications.

Essentium is a manufacturer of industrial FDM 3D printing equipment and materials. Without a doubt, it stands out for its wide range of materials, offering specific solutions for specific applications in various sectors such as aeronautics, automotive or the energy sector.

One of the most outstanding families of filaments within Essentium's portfolio of materials is ESD filaments. Essentium offers a wide range of ESD materials, including flexible filaments developed for electrostatic discharge protection.

An electrostatic discharge (ESD) is the sudden transfer of electrical charge from one object to another. This charge transfer sometimes results in a visible and even audible spark. In an electronics manufacturing environment, such an event can cause catastrophic damage to sensitive electronic devices and integrated circuits. For this reason, it is necessary to minimise the risks by using ESD-safe materials such as 74D-ZESD TPU filament.

Video 1: Essentium Materials Guide: ESD. Source: Essentium.

Semi-rigid ESD material

TPU 74D-Z ESD filament has a shore hardness of 74D, the highest shore hardness among the flexible filaments offered by Essentium. This characteristic means that this material is considered to be semi-rigid.

Despite its stiffness, the 74D-Z ESD TPU filament inherits some of the most representative characteristics of its base material: TPU. TPU is a linear elastomeric polymer belonging to the polyurethane family. It is a flexible material, although it can offer varying degrees of hardness. For 3D printing, the hardness range of TPU-based materials is usually indicated by Shore A or Shore D scales.

In addition to the inherited characteristics of TPU, due to its composition developed for electrostatic discharge protection applications, TPU 74D-Z ESD filament has the following properties:

  • Semi-rigidity
  • Excellent impact resistance
  • Good tensile strength
  • Excellent tear resistance
  • Abrasion and wear resistance
  • Chemical, solvent, oil and ozone resistance

Multilayer filament

Typically, most ESD filaments contain relatively high percentages of carbon (15-25%), modifying the characteristics of the base polymer, potentially compromising its performance and leading to possible contact marks on other materials. Unlike these filaments, Essentium's ESD filaments are designed to provide the necessary surface resistance properties without compromising the performance of the base polymer, in this case TPU. In addition, 74D-Z ESD TPU is a clean material that does not leave marks on other contact parts.

Video 2: Characteristics of ESD filaments. Source: Essentium.

All this is achieved with a much lower percentage of carbon than other filaments, as little as 0.01%, thanks to the multi-layer technology developed by Essentium. This technology uses high purity carbon nanotubes combined with a proprietary extrusion process to produce a multilayer filament that concentrates the carbon nanotubes on the surface of the filament rather than throughout the volume of the material.

Multi-layer technology.
Image 2: Multi-layer technology developed by Essentium. Source: Essentium.

Demanding applications

For all its properties and characteristics, TPU 74D-Z ESD can be used as a substitute for ABS ESD, being a much easier filament to process, with less deformation and less tendency to warp.

This filament is ideal for the manufacture of end-use parts, allowing companies to manufacture components such as customised jigs and fixtures. This filament can also be very useful in the energy sector for the manufacture of components for power grid infrastructures. Another sector where this material stands out would be the aeronautical sector, where TPU 74D-Z ESD filament offers the possibility to manufacture ground support components.

Some concrete applications would be the following:

  • Electronics manufacturing ESD safety inserts and devices
  • Abrasion resistant housings
  • Snap-on connectors
  • Anti-vibration pads for heavy loads
  • Impact resistant structural components

With its excellent mechanical properties, ESD properties and stiffness, TPU 74D-Z ESD filament is one of the most versatile filaments in Essentium's portfolio, making it an excellent choice for a variety of industry sectors.

Elongation at break (%) 370
Tensile strength (MPa) 30
Tensile modulus (MPa) 291
Surface hardness 8
Flexibility Flexibility
Abrasion resistance Abrasion resistance
Vibration resistance Vibration resistance
Electrical conductivity Electrical conductivity
Chemical resistance Chemical resistance
Hide color variations (Hide color variations)

The TPU 74D-Z ESD filament offers a versatile and easy-to-print solution even with bowden extrusion equipment.

When processing this material, a printing temperature of 230-250°C and a bed temperature of 50-80°C is recommended. This filament does not require the use of 3D printing equipment with a heated chamber.

The recommended printing speed is between 20 and 50 mm/s, being recommended to use a lower printing speed for the first layer (between 15 and 20 mm/s). It is not necessary to work with a layer fan, although up to 20 % can be used.

The 74D TPU filament has a high adhesion to the base and between layers, although, if necessary, it can be improved by using a specific adhesive for flexible materials such as Magigoo Flex.

To obtain optimum printing results with this filament, it should be taken into account that it is a hygroscopic material, so it should be kept free of moisture. For this purpose, it is advisable to use an F3 Safe case, which allows both storing the material and keeping it free of humidity during the printing process. If the material is exposed to moisture, it is recommended to dry it with a filament dryer such as PrintDry Pro. Once dry, it is recommended to store it in a container such as the PrintDry Smart Filament Container.

This filament has been developed for electrostatic discharge applications. Therefore, it has the electrical properties as shown in the diagram:

Propiedades ESD.

Image 1: Indicative schematic for electrical material properties. Source: Essentium.
PositionResistance 
100 mm/s @ 295 ºC
1  5.10e7
2  1.23e7
3  8.00e2
4  7.90e2
5  8.50e2
6  1.44e3
Table 1: Electrical properties of TPU 74D-Z ESD filament. Source: Essentium.
General information
Manufacturer Essentium
Material TPU 74D-Z ESD
Format 750 kg spool
Density 1.23 g/cm3
Filament diameter 1.75 mm, 2.85 mm
Diameter tolerance -
Filament length ±253 m (Ø 1.75 mm - 750 g)
±95 m (Ø 2.85 mm - 750 g)
Colour Black
RAL/Pantone -
Printing properties
Printing temperature 230 - 250 ºC
Base/bed temperature 50 - 80 ºC
Chamber temperature Not recommended
Layer fan 0 - 20 %
Recommended print speed 20 - 50 mm/s
Material recommended printing surface G-10/FR4 or Glass
Mechanical properties
Impact resistance Izod with notch (ISO 180/A) XY No breakage
45/45 No breakage
YX 24 KJ/m2 hinge breakage
ZX 2.3 KJ/m2 complete breakage
Charpy impact resistance -
Elongation at break (ISO 37) XY 730 %
45/45 370 %
YX 25 %
ZX 230 %
Tensile strength (ISO 37) XY 36.4 MPa
45/45 29.7 MPa
YX 20.9 MPa
ZX 27.1 MPa
Tensile modulus (ISO 37) XY 318 MPa
45/45 291 MPa
YX 276 MPa
ZX 2910 MPa
Bending strength -
Bending modulus -
Surface hardness (ISO 868) 74 Shore D
Electrical properties
Resistance (100 mm/s @ 295˚C) 8.00e2 Ω
Thermal properties
Softening temperature -
Melting temperature -
Transparency -
Brightness value -
Additional information
HS Code 3916.9
Spool diameter (outside) -
Spool diameter (inner bore) -
Reel width -

* The typical values listed in this table should be considered as a reference. Actual values may vary depending on the 3D printer model used, part design and printing conditions. We recommend confirming the final results and properties with your own tests. For further information please refer to the product data sheet.

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