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Something that is often not considered, but can be a source of failure, is the position of the spool and its path to the extruder. In order to facilitate the work of the extruder, the minimum resistance to traction of the filament should be sought. The higher the resistance, the harder the extruder motor has to work, generating more heat and increasing the possibility of pitch loss. In addition, the friction of the wheels with the filament will increase, causing more wear and dirt and increasing the possibility of bites in the filament.
The optimum coil location is the one that guarantees the shortest and straightest path to the extruder. In addition, the following points should be taken into account:
In either case, the travel should be as short as possible (maximum 80 cm in the case of Bowden systems) and with the largest possible radius of curvature. In addition, one end of the PTFE tube should be inserted directly into the extruder, while the other end should be placed tangent to the spool and at a distance of about 10 cm from the filament unwinding area.
In the case of flexible filaments, it is particularly important to reduce the distance and friction. If there are considerable friction values, the filament will deform proportionally to the distance to the spool, reducing its cross-section due to the striction phenomenon. For practical purposes, this means that the real cross-section of the filament is not the nominal one, making it necessary to readjust the flux to avoid lack of extrusion. This is why it is sometimes necessary to use flow values above 115% in certain combinations of printer and flexible filament.
One of the characteristics of the filaments with a high metallic or ceramic load intended for sintering is their high bending brittleness. This is why the way of feeding this type of filament is crucial to avoid breakage during printing.
Whenever you want to use this type of filament, it is advisable to do so in a 3D printer with a direct extrusion system and feed the filament in such a way that the path from the spool to the extruder is completely straight.
In the case of using Bowden printers, the largest possible bending radius in the path should be sought, even if this means using longer lengths of PTFE tubing. It may also be necessary to use devices that preheat the filament before it reaches the extruder in order to increase its ductility.
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